nginx 的启动脚本和日志回滚（log rotated）

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nginx 的启动脚本和日志回滚（log rotated）

8{Z|Utp^n8?0nginx是俄罗斯大牛开发的一个短小精悍的web server，代码简练但是并不缺乏功能，基本上web server常用的功能都有了。相比apache和lighttpd，应该算是一个精品。

3x8_:Fn CGo\0前面已经介绍了nginx及lighttpd、apache的性能差异，相比于小文件来讲，其处理能力大大超过apache和lighttpd。

4[$Bo;J}?0然而在运营的过程中发现，nginx的支持并不是很多，比如启动脚本、日志处理等。

xB:Q~ nPf*taE7r0下面简单提供几个脚本，便于启动和日志的管理：

脚本1：

#! /bin/sh
8~V3J AGUu0### BEGIN INIT INFO
H$U W9s3o G \0# Provides:          skeleton
3Z&c e;PJ#bMG1kQ0# Required-Start:    $local_fs $remote_fs
Z&k}7wm[E+R0# Required-Stop:     $local_fs $remote_fs
`f0}Y]%{q0# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
kiU3O.S~(@0# Default-Stop:      S 0 1 6
D7~$t~:R;ze!Al0# Short-Description: Example initscript
6j`lY9?Qq!J([so2G0# Description:       This file should be used to construct scripts to be
#                    placed in /etc/init.d.
a"L5CM)ZS$@,P0### END INIT INFO
:P9a tVM5P0#木铎校园 BBS 社区F+Yh+\h5u6j
# Author: Ryan Norbauer <ryan.norbauer@gmail.com>
7L!S1rW:j0#

0q6e"Yo9EOE^ L0set -e

` Q2F2^5wI0PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
VLB8J.N M+s`^0DESC="nginx daemon"
u{f%z)\E(J!sK0NAME=nginx
RB4@)n.A8Oj0DAEMON=/usr/local/sbin/$NAME
,bv%T"N(d0PIDFILE=/usr/local/nginx/logs/$NAME.pid
l[0[B4G A'`)QS0SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME

+](~8D)dmK+S!X0# Gracefully exit if the package has been removed.
"rqI:H so%W `/p0test -x $DAEMON || exit 0

# Read config file if it is present.
(Y*t@"n9GL2G f-R_0#if [ -r /etc/default/$NAME ]
{hK;Y2Q)To~0#then木铎校园 BBS 社区iW3F2xz/zt
# . /etc/default/$NAME
b3Ssyj$h_rB0#fi

#
Z N@*{c$h.o0# Function that starts the daemon/service.
#
d_start() {木铎校园 BBS 社区hw9xna
start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE \
t&mzS/z3A$B$t0 --exec $DAEMON \
7Rx:Po,A0 || echo -n " already running"木铎校园 BBS 社区R@ IHQ
}木铎校园 BBS 社区OtH nh7B

#
1g!v;t4Rj/Y `6]0# Function that stops the daemon/service.木铎校园 BBS 社区:k@ h^qc @
#
F.]\UA3z.Z`+P\Bp0d_stop() {木铎校园 BBS 社区7_9d [y aIaB
start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE \
--name $NAME \木铎校园 BBS 社区y#j ms;|8\U
|| echo -n " not running"木铎校园 BBS 社区g0X JTT1p
}

N|uFCrq0#
&BfP/H%lqY1v6J0# Function that sends a SIGHUP to the daemon/service.
#
jsWk~0d_reload() {
Uk G(A-E0 start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE \
&Fn2\6Tp6WE0 --name $NAME --signal 1木铎校园 BBS 社区,@.qQkko*y
}

case "$1" in
*S$zp@t's!@0 start)
;F3xEQwj0 echo -n "Starting $DESC: $NAME"
Pj'S? Nc0 d_start
0v9e9G#gnI?#Qi0 echo "."木铎校园 BBS 社区+y4p+m3`2e[)sPx
;;
6?_A$kIV1y0h4y5h0 stop)
0mi[#S}v0 echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $NAME"
d_stop木铎校园 BBS 社区 v/K/B%Ug)gAf
echo "."
7PblW(o.Z0 ;;
c+\O$Y+VR"sZ[@0 #reload)
#木铎校园 BBS 社区 S0XDd1nr2O
# If the daemon can reload its configuration without
hQ^"QD/h,u0 # restarting (for example, when it is sent a SIGHUP),木铎校园 BBS 社区;i7i4S ^+p)ApQq
# then implement that here.
#
pX7? }5{8j;Vl0 # If the daemon responds to changes in its config file
L%aq(f+~6B$p0 # directly anyway, make this an "exit 0".木铎校园 BBS 社区)K QJf2QP6_0^
#木铎校园 BBS 社区&L5o]sB}+H#S
# echo -n "Reloading $DESC configuration..."
#T.E%@7w2VwG0 # d_reload
tu:A PE(bP?%E"m6l0 # echo "done."
l&Al!g(hh9W1wi0 #;;
h0Q5|3FX$f0 restart|force-reload)
k KKJWSm;keo2P0 #
2Uc5Ez!UQS` }0 # If the "reload" option is implemented, move the "force-reload"
+_%P9a1?:PcN:|;f,h4~ ~)j0 # option to the "reload" entry above. If not, "force-reload" is木铎校园 BBS 社区jJYXi~+s
# just the same as "restart".
#木铎校园 BBS 社区&E&Wg,c,q-hc @
echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $NAME"木铎校园 BBS 社区7G6]v j-^9h4o/W
d_stop
&tDD9p5c,~nV;Z&H)G0 # One second might not be time enough for a daemon to stop,木铎校园 BBS 社区-V%Q @cK\7b a
# if this happens, d_start will fail (and dpkg will break if
"^e:K gC0 # the package is being upgraded). Change the timeout if needed木铎校园 BBS 社区#{^0z!W^vJ/p
# be, or change d_stop to have start-stop-daemon use --retry.
# Notice that using --retry slows down the shutdown process somewhat.
"~?r,y4l~8~$^AKY0 sleep 1
_xYwA"fTN moO+e0 d_start
&~:Qj}Irlz0 echo "."木铎校园 BBS 社区:HI"}M3Nxy
;;
#O{Du$B0 *)
echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|force-reload}" >&2
|"KTR)Oe0 exit 3
Ut1bGFx'lS0 ;;
esac

l%@8MP+qf;drW0exit 0木铎校园 BBS 社区L0J'a6Tiv'm[p
木铎校园 BBS 社区1[.l3Z)n/_j

:da^Z)X ha)O'Le0脚本2：

m,u0^m;a5f5Wg(N0#!/sbin/runscript
T `"tICTe0# Copyright 1999-2004 Gentoo Foundation
# Distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License v2木铎校园 BBS 社区)LX6mH$H4j
# $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo-x86/www-servers/nginx/files/nginx-r1,v 1.1 2006/07/04 16:58:38 voxus Exp $

sK%kaR%`-Z0opts="${opts} upgrade reload configtest"

depend() {
-O~l^m;zg2w;r0|0 need net木铎校园 BBS 社区 `s#cdhA/O)Y
use dns logger木铎校园 BBS 社区)p7B3L$?,Y"RO
}

w k5f-M/Rg*F3e {'Z!e)]P0start() {木铎校园 BBS 社区6EB)K{*@1J
        configtest || return 1木铎校园 BBS 社区'l)c~!ez!J3s;E
        ebegin "Starting nginx"木铎校园 BBS 社区1o\7Iidq
        start-stop-daemon --start --pidfile /var/run/nginx.pid \
&IKF2BE]7l8caF0                --exec /usr/sbin/nginx -- -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
}7` u!g?q6u^G0        eend $? "Failed to start nginx"木铎校园 BBS 社区;~+\'f_ Ha
}

stop() {
7nxF3ANj0        configtest || return 1
        ebegin "Stopping nginx"木铎校园 BBS 社区!kkNg{t~E
        start-stop-daemon --stop --pidfile /var/run/nginx.pid木铎校园 BBS 社区6q r,qa^ry|
        eend $? "Failed to stop nginx"木铎校园 BBS 社区2d5^_d7u}9]r
        rm -f /var/run/nginx.pid木铎校园 BBS 社区0U8G{wO/E
}

jGu6fhb'iRe&~0reload() {
2B/Y f3K3Y0        configtest || return 1
fAn{"d6e%@d0        ebegin "Refreshing nginx' configuration"
        kill -HUP `cat /var/run/nginx.pid` &>/dev/null木铎校园 BBS 社区Xi"x/tYah$L
        eend $? "Failed to reload nginx"木铎校园 BBS 社区:di5Z5b8@
}木铎校园 BBS 社区'E xjj2dy |

B:u!?U{/O,D h-X0upgrade() {木铎校园 BBS 社区8W,T Ne/e+G
configtest || return 1
ebegin "Upgrading nginx"木铎校园 BBS 社区H eY*dE}

einfo "Sending USR2 to old binary"
kill -USR2 `cat /var/run/nginx.pid` &>/dev/null木铎校园 BBS 社区${'^-M_{c

T4Ledk0 einfo "Sleeping 3 seconds before pid-files checking"木铎校园 BBS 社区 i#Q$e`` p
sleep 3

        if [ ! -f /var/run/nginx.pid.oldbin ]; then木铎校园 BBS 社区IQ5ba/k%@0J+]_
                eerror "File with old pid not found"木铎校园 BBS 社区%S:^.G5n"x8x
                return 1
]:[x-J0M/z!^.Yt0        fi

2Nli+yU-ZR Tc"qs0        if [ ! -f /var/run/nginx.pid ]; then
"`0v#r2o8S(o0                eerror "New binary failed to start"
3ij-T _+I}~\v0                return 1
5j%aH!u6rP0        fi

/a)Z-XaoNb'loG0 einfo "Sleeping 3 seconds before WINCH"木铎校园 BBS 社区R"fiwk$M
sleep 3 ; kill -WINCH `cat /var/run/nginx.pid.oldbin`

cQ+i2W,P$m0 einfo "Sending QUIT to old binary"
.]QP8wf{0 kill -QUIT `cat /var/run/nginx.pid.oldbin`

einfo "Upgrade completed"木铎校园 BBS 社区V^y@|g

VG5f yZ5T0 eend $? "Upgrade failed"
2AA Q$_#eV0}

configtest() {
        ebegin "Checking nginx' configuration"木铎校园 BBS 社区7c|y7p(|&F9E:z
        /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf -t
`3HqL`|Q'R0        eend $? "failed, please correct errors above"
6`[ya?M6`0}

脚本2写的比较完善，相比脚本1增加了在线升级及配置语法检测功能

木铎校园 BBS 社区Q~d~#Ycct

脚本3：

#!/bin/sh木铎校园 BBS 社区:[u]h{*]'|1rk
#
Z[&~0Y2e;T+N0# chkconfig: 2345 08 99
SP'} cO1S0# description: Starts, stops nginx
#木铎校园 BBS 社区wXvT&[8GF*@
#dscription: Startup script for nginx webserver on Debian. Place in /etc/init.d and木铎校园 BBS 社区QC.D-r-`)?
# run 'sudo update-rc.d nginx defaults', or use the appropriate command on your木铎校园 BBS 社区1om$S^}*V-H
# distro.木铎校园 BBS 社区p1dM:W n
#
# Author:       Ryan Norbauer <ryan.norbauer@gmail.com>
# Modified:     Geoffrey Grosenbachhttp://topfunky.com
# Modified:     chunshengster <chunshengster@gmial.com>

ABP1}l E c)Y0set -e

PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DESC="nginx daemon"
"|SG,F!P8W2Gk5ZUp0NAME=nginx
&}(y%E@%k4lW'D0DAEMON=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/$NAME
(w'cF$WV ] r:m;r0CONFIGFILE=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf木铎校园 BBS 社区I+k)bm;@ }7W p
PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME.pid木铎校园 BBS 社区|Ms-yp
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME木铎校园 BBS 社区Uav'dP:w
CRONOLOGBIN=/usr/local/sbin/cronolog
LOGDIR=/data1/nginxlogs/%Y-%m-%d/

# Gracefully exit if the package has been removed.
test -x $DAEMON || exit 0

#functions
d_getlogs(){
LOGS=`grep -E "[access|error]_log" $CONFIGFILE | grep -v "#" | awk '{print $2}' | cut -d\; -f 1`
1D4@n{+o0}木铎校园 BBS 社区1L/vO@9Kj
d_mkfifo(){
V:j_uhB$iOd0 logs=$*木铎校园 BBS 社区p;u$c'_1Z5{'L
#echo $logs
7n$FwY4_(P3AU,a0 for log in $logs;do
M [Q;l$p9f(H$J.e0        #echo "mkfifo $log";木铎校园 BBS 社区#Bc"Fu#ty#d5@
        if test ! -p $log; then
pb C_!Rd(S0                echo "make fifo log $log..."
aq4fI)clnc0                rm -v $log;
9g i&Q;`0MS q.r0                mkfifo $log
H"Fp@SB$`9@0        fi木铎校园 BBS 社区?o)aQ_X
done;木铎校园 BBS 社区q5V$i%tq
}木铎校园 BBS 社区1j)?-f3KFq
d_mkfifolog(){
        LOGS=`grep -E "[access|error]_log" $CONFIGFILE | grep -v "#" | awk '{print $2}' | cut -d\; -f 1`
#d$m's#\8[@:N5p0        d_mkfifo $LOGS;
^ [ M*z+HoL URW0}
m.K"GFAZW0d_cronologs(){
TQ$H7a\2Z0        LOGS=`grep -E "[access|error]_log" $CONFIGFILE | grep -v "#" | awk '{print $2}' | cut -d\; -f 1`木铎校园 BBS 社区? u8PkE}x4FR
        #echo $LOGS木铎校园 BBS 社区r5T^L7^ ^)Q
        d_mkfifo $LOGS;
+D7\;Ee__0        for log in $LOGS; do
8['cF"B i7^8y3P0                logname=`basename $log`木铎校园 BBS 社区4RC/~~.s'@Sw
                #echo $logname木铎校园 BBS 社区yJ^7I&iA
                cat $log | $CRONOLOGBIN $LOGDIR/$logname &木铎校园 BBS 社区l1NF%y2{yg"g
        done
}
d_killcronologs(){木铎校园 BBS 社区1]x1~ [Mpt?
        LOGS=`grep -E "[access|error]_log" $CONFIGFILE | grep -v "#" | awk '{print $2}' | cut -d\; -f 1`
2|.sL4?Y,G:f0        pids_cat=`pidof cat`
$Yl+vTQ[]h~0        pids_cronolog=`pidof cronolog`
@.g:C"Hn GJ(d0        for pid in pids_cronolog pids_cat; do
                kill -9 $pid木铎校园 BBS 社区_]5gi"gGu}
        done   木铎校园 BBS 社区/zK7YE8m
        if test -z `pidof cat` -a test -z `pidof cronolog`; then
G*J)S gB[0                echo "All depended pids are killed !"木铎校园 BBS 社区~QXJamW
        else
+u9M3q7SOu1b,h0                echo "Not all the pids are killed !"木铎校园 BBS 社区.Um.Xr.kc
        fi
}
6VlkA2q]9znnB0d_start() {木铎校园 BBS 社区 ^+]5o5N|+L6T
echo "Starting $DESC: $NAME"
$DAEMON -c $CONFIGFILE || echo " already running"
L}Y@4O&_0}木铎校园 BBS 社区y,W-LxU5k

%x*U]*n6m!}$C4F0d_stop() {
l9?c ~HS7o"|0 echo "Stopping $DESC: $NAME"木铎校园 BBS 社区4j)d)}$RE(o?
test -f $PIDFILE && kill -QUIT `cat $PIDFILE`
VW2~'d Fur(}2s0}

d_reload() {
lc'yU~-l8Gy0 echo "Reloading $DESC configuration..."
h.~0}:Y!s S,p9XYaa0 kill -HUP `cat $PIDFILE` || echo " can't reload"
_Qw$n4G0{J#Rn0}木铎校园 BBS 社区|wI@tV j

+x2E[YT/]7D4A Xt0case "$1" in
d]2`"nlt0 start)
)flV(Ip[aY ih:o5a0        d_start
        d_cronologs
4FPc!M] a;M0        echo "."木铎校园 BBS 社区6n1@ W6t.iC"q
        ;;木铎校园 BBS 社区8r-PRf,j ]}
stop)木铎校园 BBS 社区)c2y"@"J {H$L
        d_stop木铎校园 BBS 社区O,gI/J|
        d_killcronologs
X+M+k\8pI2M*rS0        echo "."木铎校园 BBS 社区3Pu'T&U7j9?!T
        ;;木铎校园 BBS 社区hK9| e],hhB
reload)
        d_reload
4o Pb7s|r+_%d8c0        echo "reloaded."
d| I4N5k0 ;;木铎校园 BBS 社区:p9@r?I6b|4u
restart)
]8p4]kO q L0G0        echo "Restarting $DESC: $NAME"木铎校园 BBS 社区4fv1^e,_7g
        d_stop木铎校园 BBS 社区S?;uX(E#}$z
        # One second might not be time enough for a daemon to stop,木铎校园 BBS 社区Qd;aYP@1G
        # if this happens, d_start will fail (and dpkg will break if
!H"]s9TY-i0        # the package is being upgraded). Change the timeout if needed木铎校园 BBS 社区#L;Hcop`
        # be, or change d_stop to have start-stop-daemon use --retry.木铎校园 BBS 社区h&v ^;J^1L~7l
        # Notice that using --retry slows down the shutdown process somewhat.木铎校园 BBS 社区Nu;@I'vH#k-W
        sleep 3
I4Q%Y#wHZ&q0        d_start
7K"|8}4M'Y0        echo "."木铎校园 BBS 社区;R @7KX/gbS"U
        ;;
`O`Iqd'DBV:P0 mklog)
        d_mkfifolog木铎校园 BBS 社区b4th Q\j7cl3`
        ;;
j3s%\[/B(d0 *)
          echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|reload}" >&2
          exit 3
        ;;木铎校园 BBS 社区8w7]X|;xq
esac木铎校园 BBS 社区-\x}6~ }%]#f

%j9P4g"a+R2|3C0exit 1

)as9M[R!?t/g0

脚本3是根据脚本1完善过来的。由于nginx本身不能通过pipe来传递日志数据，如apache那样直接。所以，在这里通过fifo（named pipe）来将日志数据传递给cronolog，再通过cronolog将日志按照指定的格式来写日志文件。
j&o7YQnq0脚本通过检索nginx.conf来查找日志文件的位置，然后通过监测该日志文件是否为fifo（test -p file），如果不是fifo文件，则删掉该文件，并执行 mkfifo $fife生成fifo文件。通过cat $fifofile，写入到cronolog的管道中，从而实现日志的轮转。基本实现了较好的功能。

有兴趣的朋友可以把脚本2和脚本3进行整合，实现更加完美的功能：）

)e p&VN&n$b8p0完毕木铎校园 BBS 社区\_dE~[tV

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